Nepal's Monarchy Nostalgia - Growing Support for Monarchy Amid Democratic Challenges

 Nepal is witnessing a resurgence of pro-monarchy sentiment, with thousands of citizens openly advocating for the reinstatement of the monarchy and the return of Hinduism as the state religion. This movement is fueled by growing dissatisfaction with the current democratic system, which many believe has failed to bring political stability, economic progress, or good governance.

Recently, approximately 10,000 royalists gathered at Kathmandu’s Tribhuvan International Airport, welcoming former King Gyanendra Shah upon his return from a tour of western Nepal. The widespread demonstration was a clear indication of the public's growing discontent with Nepal's democratic experiment and their wish for the purported stability of the monarchy.

This growing sentiment is not an isolated event. Over the past few years, scattered protests, rallies, and discussions about reinstating the monarchy have gained momentum, particularly among the older generation and conservative factions who believe that democracy has only deepened political instability and corruption.

Background: From Monarchy to Republic

Nepal was a monarchy for centuries, with the Shah dynasty ruling since 1768. However, political changes in the late 20th and early 21st centuries led to mass movements against the monarchy, especially after the royal massacre of 2001, in which King Birendra and his entire family were killed. The tragedy led to King Gyanendra taking the throne, but his direct rule (2005–2006) was widely opposed, leading to the People’s Movement of 2006 that forced him to step down.

In 2008, Nepal officially abolished the monarchy and declared itself a secular, democratic republic. This shift was expected to bring stability and progress. However, in the 16 years since, Nepal has witnessed:

• 13 different governments struggling to maintain stability.
• Widespread corruption that has eroded public trust.
• Economic struggles, with many young Nepalis seeking employment abroad.
• Unstable leadership, with political parties frequently engaging in power struggles.

The inability of elected governments to deliver effective governance has led many citizens—especially those disillusioned with democracy—to rethink whether monarchy was actually a better system for Nepal.

Why Are Nepalis Reconsidering the Monarchy?

Several key factors contribute to the rise of pro-monarchy sentiment:

1. Political Instability & Frequent Government Changes

Nepal’s democratic transition has been marked by frequent changes in leadership. Since 2008, no government has lasted a full term, and political leaders often shift alliances for personal or party gains rather than national interest. This instability has slowed development and created a sense of political fatigue among citizens.

2. Corruption & Governance Issues

Many Nepalis believe that democracy has increased corruption and nepotism, rather than improving governance. Scandals involving high-ranking politicians have deepened public distrust. In contrast, monarchy is perceived as a more stable and corruption-free system, where a single ruler acts for national interest rather than personal gain.

3. Economic Decline & Unemployment

Despite promises of economic growth, youth unemployment remains high, and many Nepalis seek jobs abroad, particularly in the Gulf and Malaysia. The lack of economic opportunities has led some to believe that Nepal was more economically stable under monarchy.

4. Cultural & Religious Sentiments

Nepal was once the world’s only Hindu kingdom, but with the transition to secularism, many traditional and religious groups feel their cultural identity is being eroded. Some royalists argue that Nepal should return to being a Hindu nation under a king, as they believe it would unite the country and restore its lost traditions.

5. Nostalgia for Stability & National Identity

Many older citizens and rural populations, who lived under the monarchy, recall it as a more stable and secure time. Even though the king had absolute power, Nepal did not face the same level of political chaos it does today. This nostalgia has fueled a belief that a constitutional monarchy might be a better option than the current system.

Current Political Landscape: A Divided Nepal

While monarchy supporters are gaining visibility, Nepal remains deeply divided on the issue. Political parties, especially those that played a role in abolishing the monarchy, strongly oppose its return. However, the rise of pro-monarchy movements signals a shifting political discourse.

Some analysts argue that instead of bringing back the monarchy, Nepal should focus on improving its democratic institutions by reducing corruption, enforcing accountability, and strengthening the rule of law. Others, however, argue that a constitutional monarchy—where the king plays a symbolic but stabilizing role, similar to the UK or Japan—could be a middle-ground solution.

What’s Next?

The coming years will be crucial for Nepal’s political future. If democratic leaders fail to address corruption and instability, support for monarchy could continue to grow. While a full restoration of the monarchy seems unlikely in the near future, the increasing number of pro-royalist protests suggests that Nepal’s democratic experiment is facing serious challenges.